黒住教立教２００年記念対談
より心豊かに生きるために（上）
(Commemorative Dialogue for the Bicentennial of Kurozumikyō
Living with Greater Richness of Heart (Part I of II))
平成26年9月号掲載(Published in the September 2014 issue)
去る６月１８日、教主様は、６月１日に山陽新聞社代表取締役社長に就任した松田正己氏を教主公邸に迎えて対談されました。その内容が、６月２８日付山陽新聞朝刊に、「黒住教立教２００年 記念対談」と題して掲載されましたので、今号と次号の「道ごころ」に転載して紹介させていただきます。
なお、同紙では、７月２７日に「立教二百年記念特集 歴史編」と題するページを、また８八月２４日には「三大霊地・祭事編」を掲載しました。さらに、９月２１日、１０月５日にも本教を紹介する同様のページを予定して下さっているとのことです。（編集部）
On June 18, the Chief Patriarch welcomed Mr. Matsuda Masami, who had assumed office as President of the Sanyō Shimbun Company, Okayama’s leading newspaper, on June 1, to his official residence for a commemorative dialogue. The content of this exchange was published in the morning edition of the Sanyō Shimbun newspaper on June 28 under the title “Commemorative Dialogue for the Bicentennial of Kurozumikyō.” This issue and the next of Michigokoro reprint and present that dialogue.
In addition, the newspaper published a special feature titled “Bicentennial of the Faith – Historical Section” on July 27, and “Three Sacred Sites and Festivals” on August 24. Further pages introducing our faith are scheduled for September 21 and October 5. (Editorial Board)
岡山市北区尾上の神道山に本部を構える「黒住教」は今年、立教２００年を迎えた。
黒住教は岡山藩主池田家の守護神社・今村宮の神官であった黒住宗忠（１７８０～１８５０年）が１８１４（文化１１）年１１月１１日（旧暦）に立教した、幕末三大新宗教の一つ。立教以降、黒住教は福祉活動、文化活動、宗際活動にも一貫して力を注いできた。２００年の歴史を振り返るとともに、黒住教の社会貢献活動が果たしてきた役割について、黒住教六代教主・黒住宗晴氏に山陽新聞社の松田正己代表取締役社長が聞いた。（文中敬称略）
Kurozumikyō Bicentennial Commemorative Dialogue
To Live with Greater Richness of Heart (Part I)
Published in the September 2014 issue
Headquartered at Shintōzan in Onoue, Kita Ward, Okayama City, Kurozumikyō this year marks the 200th anniversary of its founding. The faith was established on November 11, 1814 (Bunka 11, lunar calendar) by Kurozumi Munetada (1780–1850), a Shinto priest of Imamura Shrine, the guardian shrine of the Ikeda clan, lords of Okayama Domain. It is counted among the three great new religions of the late Edo period.
Since its founding, Kurozumikyō has consistently devoted itself to welfare, cultural, and interfaith activities. Looking back on its 200-year history, Sanyō Shimbun President Matsuda Masami interviewed the sixth Chief Patriarch, Kurozumi Muneharu, about the role of Kurozumikyō’s social contributions. (Honorifics omitted in text)
教祖・宗忠と黒住教の歴史
The Founder Munetada and the History of Kurozumikyō
松田 立教２００年おめでとうございます。仏教の各宗派の開祖と違い、日本人を教祖とする宗教が２００年を迎えた例はほかにないと伺いました。六代教主としてどのような感慨をお持ちですか。
Matsuda: Congratulations on the bicentennial of the faith. I have heard that unlike the founders of Buddhist sects, there is no other example of a religion founded by a Japanese person reaching 200 years. As the sixth Chief Patriarch, what are your reflections?
黒住 黒住教は日の出を拝む「日拝(にっぱい)」の宗教であり、感動と感謝の心で、人に社会に誠を尽くすことをつとめとしています。２００年の重みをあらためて感じたとき、次のことを思い起こしました。まず日本人は昔からお天道様が大好きで、朝起きたら東の空に向かって柏手(かしわで)を打つところから一日が始まりました。そして日本人には古来、神に祈る言葉「祝詞(のりと)」があります。この二つにして一つの伝統の上に、教祖宗忠の「日拝」は生まれたということです。
Kurozumi: Kurozumikyō is a religion of sunrise worship, called Nippai 日拝. With hearts of wonder and gratitude, we strive to live sincerely toward others and society. Reflecting on the weight of two hundred years, I recalled this: From ancient times the Japanese have loved the Sun, beginning each day by clapping their hands in reverence to the eastern sky. And from antiquity the Japanese have had words of prayer to the gods, Norito 祝詞. Upon this twofold tradition, united as one, the Founder Munetada’s Nippai was born.
松田 教祖宗忠は神職の修行に励んだ後、宗教的神秘体験を得るに至ったと伝えられています。
Matsuda: It is said that the Founder Munetada, after devoting himself to priestly training of Shintō, came to experience a profound religious mystery.
黒住 宗忠は明日をも知れぬ重篤の身でしたが朝日によって生きる力を取り戻し、自身の誕生日でもあった文化１１年１１月１１日（旧暦）の冬至の朝、日の出を拝んで天照大御神(あまてらすおおみかみ)と自身が一体になる境地に達しました。これが「天命(てんめい)直授(じきじゅ)」と呼ぶ、黒住教立教の時です。教祖は「人間は、あらゆる命の大元である天照大御神の分霊(わけみたま)をいただく神の子である」という人間観を貫きました。
Kurozumi: Though gravely ill and uncertain of tomorrow, Munetada regained the will to live through the morning sun. On the winter solstice morning of the 11th day of 11th month of the 11th year of Bunka (1814, lunar calendar), which was also his birthday, he worshipped the sunrise and reached the state of unity with Amaterasu Ōmikami. This was the moment of Tenmei Jikiju 天命直授— the Direct Bestowal of Heaven’s Mandate — and the founding of Kurozumikyō. The Founder upheld the view that “human beings are children of the divine, receiving a portion of spirit (wakemitama 分霊) from Amaterasu Ōmikami, the source of all life.”
松田 教祖の没後、１８６２（文久２）年、孝明天皇の勅願により京都神楽岡・宗忠神社、１８８５（明治１８）年には、教祖生誕・立教の地である岡山・大元に宗忠神社が建立され、教団として発展していきます。
Matsuda: After the Founder’s passing, in Bunkyū 2 (1862), by the imperial vow of Emperor Kōmei, Munetada Shrine 宗忠神社 was established at Kaguraoka 神楽岡 in Kyoto. Later, in 1885 (Meiji 18), another Munetada Shrine was built at Ōmoto 大元 in Okayama, the birthplace and founding site, and the organization grew.
黒住 京都で布教していた高弟・赤木忠春が孝明天皇のお后(きさき)を病床から救ったことなどから、孝明天皇のご信仰が深まり、教祖に「大明神号」が下賜され、御所には日拝所までつくられました。本教が公武合体、開国維新とわが国の存亡にかかわるところで生き続けたことには特別の感慨を覚えます。
Kurozumi: In Kyoto, High Disciple Akagi Tadaharu, through saving Emperor Kōmei’s consort from illness, deepened the Emperor’s faith. The Founder was granted the title “Daimyōjin 大明神” (Great Bright God) and even a place for Nippai was created within the Imperial Palace. I feel special emotion that our faith lived on through the era of Imperial–Shogunate unity, the opening of the country, and the Meiji Restoration, times bound up with the nation’s very survival.
松田 幕末から明治の時代には厳しい局面もあったようですね。
Matsuda: It seems there were severe trials from the late Edo into the Meiji era.
黒住 明治政府によって神道系宗教団体はすべて国家神道に所属させられたのですが、三代教主宗篤は「人の心まで政治が規制することは、国の将来を誤らせる」と訴え、大運動の末に別派独立。後に続いたのが金光教、天理教です。
Kurozumi: Under the Meiji government, all Shintō-based religious groups were placed under State Shintō. Yet the Third Chief Patriarch, Muneatsu, declared that “if politics regulates even the human heart, the nation’s future will be led astray.” After a great movement, he secured independence as a separate sect. Later, Konkōkyō and Tenrikyō followed this path.
（つづく）
(to be continued)
山陽新聞６月２８日付より
対談は教主公邸において行われた（６月１８日）
From the Sanyō Shimbun newspaper, June 28 edition.
The dialogue was held at the Chief Patriarch’s residence on June 18.
